The target organs for VC now clearly in … PVC is used to make a variety of plastic products, including pipes, wire and cable coatings, and packaging materials. Publication intended to aid emergency department physicians and other emergency healthcare professionals who manage acute exposures resulting from chemical incidents. Vinyl chloride is a colorless gas with a mild, sweet odor. Toxicological Profile for Vinyl Chloride (Update). Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, GA. 1997. These chemicals include dioxins that are among the most toxic chemicals known to science. For this reason, some items on this page will be unavailable. Vinyl chloride is a colorless gas with a mildly sweet smell that is flammable. The symptoms of vinyl chloride exposure are classified by ppm levels in ambient air with 4,000 ppmhaving a threshold effect. What is disturbing is the fact that PVC uses chemicals that are quite dangerous to both our health and the environment; yet many of these chemicals are present in our own homes, workplaces and schools where children are exposed to them on a daily basis. It can be formed when other substances such as trichloroethane, trichloroethylene, and tetrachloroethylene are broken down. The ATSDR toxicological profile succinctly characterizes the toxicologic and adverse health effects information for the hazardous substance described here. It is volatile, so the primary exposure is via inhalation as against food or water with occupational hazards being highest. Prior to 1974, workers were commonly exposed to 1,000 ppm vinyl chloride, causing "vinyl chloride illness" such as acroosteolysis and Raynaud's Phenomenon. Email: Contact CDC-INFO. Quick reference guide providing information such as chemical and physical properties, sources of exposure, routes of exposure, minimal risk levels, children's health, and health effects for a substance. for the hazard and dose-response assessment in IRIS pertaining to chronic exposure to vinyl chloride. (1) The chemical formula for vinyl chloride is C Healthy Child Healthy World describes PVC as the most toxic plastic, and vinyl chloride, the chemical used to make PVC, has been described as a known carcinogen by the World Health Organization's International Agency for Research on Cancer. ATSDR and Texas Department of State Health Services (DSHS) are conducting an extensive review of environmental health concerns raised by the community members in Midlothian, Texas to determine if chemical releases from local industries could or have affected the health of persons and animals in the area. For more information about this message, please visit this page: Agency for Toxic Substances & Disease Registry, Health Effects of Exposure to Substances and Carcinogens, Community Environmental Health Education Presentations, Case Studies in Environmental Medicine (CSEM), Toxicology Curriculum for Communities Trainer's Manual, Compendium of Papers on MRLs and Health Effects, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. vinyl chloride 100 75-01-4 Ingredient name % CAS number There are no additional ingredients present which, within the current knowledge of the supplier and in the In 1974, vinyl chloride (VC) was first reported in the open scientific literature to induce angiosarcoma of the liver both in humans and in animals. It is a manufactured substance that does not occur naturally. To sum up: During its lifecycle PVC plastic releases toxic, chlorine-based chemicals that build up in the world’s ecosystems and end up in the food chain and eventually in humans and animals. Vinyl chloride, a chemical known to cause cancer, poisons the air breathed by workers and people living in contaminated communities. 888-232-6348 (TTY) From 1987 to 1993, according to EPA's Toxic Release Inventory, vinyl chloride releases to water and land totalled over 38,000 lbs. Vinyl chloride is used to make polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Other pertinent literature is also presented, but is described in less detail than the key studies. Studies of workers in polyvinyl chloride polymerization of certain plastic and rubber factories revealed that numerous workers had been diagnosed with liver angiosarcoma. U.S. Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, North Carolina was established in 1942. Longer exposures have been associated with headache, dizziness, euphoria, ataxia, and narcosis. Workers at facilities where vinyl chloride is produced or used may be exposed primarily through inhalation. Dubbed the most toxic plastic, vinyl – or polyvinyl chloride – is used today in a superfluity of items surrounding us. Summary: Vinyl chloride is a colorless gas. Vinyl Chloride Toxicity. Prioritization of substances based on a combination of their frequency, toxicity, and potential for human exposure at National Priorities List (NPL) sites. Chloroethene, Chloroethylene, Ethylene monochloride, Monochloroethene, Monochloroethylene, VC, VCM, Vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) Colorless gas or liquid (below 7°F) with a pleasant odor at high concentrations. Vinyl chloride is also known as chloroethene, chloroethylene, and ethylene monochloride. Short-term exposure to moderate levels of vinyl chloride in the air can result in a headache, vertigo, loss of consciousness, and fatigue.Nervous system damage is also possible. A recent study that was conducted found that vinyl flooring contains toxic chemicals that include phthalates, lead, flame retardants, and VOCs like formaldehyde that will off gas into the air after the installation process in a home and taint the indoor air quality to hazardous levels. It has a mild, sweet odor. Toxic substances list: vinyl chloride Vinyl chloride (VC) is a flammable and explosive colourless gas with a sweet odour. It can be formed when other substances such as trichloroethane, trichloroethylene, and tetrachloroethylene are broken down. Polyvinyl chloride, also known as PVC or vinyl, is arguably one of the most toxic types of plastic in our lives. Vinyl chloride, a colourless, flammable, toxic gas belonging to the family of organohalogen compounds and used principally in making polyvinyl chloride, or PVC, a widely used plastic with numerous applications. Vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) is a colorless, gaseous, sweet-smelling organochloride primarily used in the production of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) with additional historical usage before the 1970s as an aerosol propellant and refrigerant. (4) • The chemical formula for vinyl chloride is C 2 H 3 Cl and the molecular weight is 62.5 g/mol. recognizing, evaluating, and treating illnesses resulting from exposure to hazardous substances. ATSDR can also tell you the location of occupational and environmental health clinics. These clinics specialize in Polyvinyl chloride is more often referred to by its less-technical names, PVC and vinyl. (4) Vinyl chloride is slightly soluble in water and is quite flammable. According to the Agency for Toxic Substances & Disease Registry, an organization under the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, vinyl chloride is extremely toxic if inhaled, and it can cause major injuries if exposed to the skin directly. [1] [2][3] VCM is now classified as an International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Group 1 carcinogen. It has a mild, sweet odor. Case Studies in Environmental Medicine. Additional research has now demonstrated the carcinogenicity of VC to other organs and at lower concentrations. Please contact NTP, IARC, or EPA’s IRIS Hotline with questions on cancer and cancer classification. Vinyl: The Poison Plastic Polyvinyl chloride (PVC or vinyl) is the most toxic plastic for our health and the environment. Vinyl chloride is used to make polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The intensity of symptoms varies fro… Additionally, there are reports of cases of significant chronic exposure related to aerosol propellant usage in the 1960s and early 1970s, although VCM is no longer utilized in this manner. These releases … These documents provide information on the health effects of exposure, the chemical’s toxicity and material for responding to a chemical incident. The general population may be exposed by inhaling contaminated air or tobacco smoke. Vinyl chloride causes angiosarcoma, brain and lung cancers, lymphoma, and leukemia. It burns easily and it is not stable at high temperatures. Note: Javascript is disabled or is not supported by your browser. Vinyl chloride is used to make polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Water from the Tarawa Terrace Treatment Plant was contaminated by PCE (perchloroethylene or tetrachloroethylene). Vinyl chloride toxicity occurs mainly through occupational exposure during the polymerization of VCM into PVC; however, community exposures secondary to industrial spills have occurred. It is not intended to be a comprehensive treatise on the chemical or toxicological nature of vinyl chloride. (1) The odor threshold for vinyl chloride is 3,000 ppm. Doctors pinpointed the carcinogenicity of vinyl chloride in the late 1960s. Plasticized or Flexible PVC (Density: 1.1-1.35 g/cm3): Flexible PVC is formed by the addition of compatible plasticizers to PVC which lower the crystallinity. It is a manufactured substance that does not occur naturally. The major industrial preparation of vinyl chloride begins with ethylene and has two In Section 6, EPA has characterized its overall confidence in the quantitative and qualitative aspects of hazard and dose response. [3] Exposure has also been associated with brain tumors. For this reason, some items on this page will be unavailable. Vinyl chloride is a known animal and human carcinogen that induces angiosarcoma of the liver as well as tumors of the lung and hematolymphopoietic system in humans (Doll 1988; IARC 1987). Small quantities of vinyl chloride can be released to food since it is used to make many food wrappings and containers. Vinyl chloride is a deadly toxic chemical, despite industry’s repeated attempts to hide the threats. (4) • The odor threshold for vinyl chloride ranges from 260 ppm to 4,000 ppm. In the environment, the highest levels of vinyl chloride are found in … VC is the most toxic plastic for our health and environment. Note: Javascript is disabled or is not supported by your browser. Vinyl chloride | H2C=CHCl or (C2H3Cl)n or C2H3Cl | CID 6338 - structure, chemical names, physical and chemical properties, classification, patents, literature, biological activities, safety/hazards/toxicity information, supplier lists, and more. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). One reason why PVC is so toxic is that it is often mixed with softening chemicals called plasticizers, the most well known variety being phalates. It is primarily used to make Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC), the 3rd most-popular plastic material in the world. Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, GA. 1990. Succinctly characterizes the toxicologic and adverse health effects information for a hazardous substance. • Vinyl chloride is a colorless, flammable gas with a mild, sweet odor. In 1982, the Marine Corps discovered specific volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the drinking water provided by two of the eight water treatment plants on base. It burns easily and it is not stable at high temperatures. [4] Vinyl chloride is a colorless gas. Vinyl chloride has little acute toxicity, and air levels over 8000 ppm may be tolerated for 5 minutes without the development of symptoms. Vinyl chloride finds its major application in the production of PVC. Detailed Toxicity Information: Acute Toxicity 2: Vinyl chloride WHO Acute Hazard TRI Acute Hazard Material Safety Data Sheets Acute rating from U.S. EPA product label U.S. NTP Acute Toxicity Studies View Studies Cholinesterase Inhibitor: Not Listed Not Listed Not … Vinyl Chloride is a cancer-causing chemical that is highly-toxic, flammable, colorless, and sweet-smelling. Each peer-reviewed profile identifies and reviews the key literature that describes a hazardous substance's toxicologic properties. For more information about this message, please visit this page: Agency for Toxic Substances & Disease Registry, Medical Management Guidelines (MMG) for Acute Chemical Exposure, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Quick Reference for Health Care Providers. The MRL is an estimate of the daily human exposure to a hazardous substance that is likely to be without appreciable risk of adverse, non-cancer health effects over a specified duration of exposure. Most often used in construction, PVC is a plastic composed of three elements: carbon, hydrogen and chlorine. (4) • The vapor pressure for vinyl chloride is 2,600 mm Hg at 25 °C, and it has a log It is used to make PVC, which is an ingredient in making plastic products, such as pipes, wire and cable coatings, and packaging materials. An emerging toxic plastic of concern, polyvinyl chloride (PVC or vinyl), is used widespread in schools across the nation. PVC – the Poison Plastic. Summary about a hazardous substance taken from Chapter One of its respective ATSDR Toxicological Profile. Toxic Exposure Injury Attorneys - Serving Clients Nationwide. Addendum to the Toxicological Profile for Vinyl Chloride (February 2016). [ifediba.com] The gas can cause dizziness, drowsiness, and headache when inhaled. [Note: Shipped as a liquefied compressed gas.] For more than 30 years, leading health, environmental justice, and health-impacted organizations across the country and world have been campaigning to phase out this poison plastic. Fact sheet that answers the most frequently asked questions about a contaminant and its health effects. No other plastic contains or releases as many dangerous chemicals. Most of it is made in the United States. The information in this MRL serves as a screening tool to help public health professionals decide where to look more closely to evaluate possible risk of adverse health effects from human exposure. It is used in the plastics industry, often to produce PVC (polyvinyl chloride) and does not occur naturally in the environment. Gas. additional research has now demonstrated the carcinogenicity of VC to other organs and lower., or EPA’s IRIS Hotline with questions on cancer and cancer classification described less. 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